![]() ![]() The height of the feature makes it either a hill or, if higher and steeper, a mountain. Compressional forces, isostatic uplift and intrusion of igneous matter forces surface rock upward, creating a landform higher than the surrounding features. All three types are formed from plate tectonics: when portions of the Earth's crust move, crumple, and dive. There are three main types of mountains: volcanic, fold, and block. The highest known mountain on any planet in the Solar System is Olympus Mons on Mars at 21,171 m (69,459 ft). The highest mountain on Earth is Mount Everest in the Himalayas of Asia, whose summit is 8,850 m (29,035 ft) above mean sea level. Because of the less hospitable terrain and climate, mountains tend to be used less for agriculture and more for resource extraction and recreation, such as mountain climbing. These colder climates strongly affect the ecosystems of mountains: different elevations have different plants and animals. High elevations on mountains produce colder climates than at sea level. A few mountains are isolated summits, but most occur in huge mountain ranges. Mountains erode slowly through the action of rivers, weather conditions, and glaciers. These forces can locally raise the surface of the earth. Mountains are formed through tectonic forces or volcanism. ![]() A mountain is generally steeper than a hill. A mountain is a large landform that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area, usually in the form of a peak. ![]()
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